• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Parabolic trough collector that allows, by means of a single device, to cover the thermal and/or electrical energy generated through solar capture, for a preferential use of said energy in buildings and residential buildings. Said collector is configured to alternate between two possible concentrating solar energy production systems: thermal or photovoltaic, and for this it comprises a reflector screen (1), of parabolic-cylinder shape, configured to reflect and concentrate radiation received on a tube (10) of thermosolar collection, which can channel a heat transfer fluid through its interior, or on a photovoltaic collection panel (6), said tube (10) and the panel (6) being connected to a first turning mechanism (3) configured to place them on the focal axis of the reflector screen (1). The present invention also consists of an installation comprising said solar collector. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2803101A1
    申请号:ES202031128
    申请日:2020-11-10
    公开日:2021-01-22
    发明作者:Vega Daniel Ferrandez；Dorado Manuel Alvarez；Fernandez Carlos Moron；Velilla Jorge Pablo Diaz
    申请人:Universidad Politecnica de Madrid；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0003] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION AND SECTOR OF THE TECHNIQUE
    [0005] The present invention refers to a device whose objective is the generation of thermal and electrical energy in a sustainable way, by means of solar capture, using a single collector, being capable of alternating between two modes of operation to produce energy: solar thermal concentration or concentration photovoltaic.
    [0007] The present invention belongs to the technical field of construction, energy and the environment, more specifically in the field of solar collectors for the production of renewable photovoltaic or solar thermal energy, for preferential installation on building roofs.
    [0009] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0011] At present, the implementation of solar collection facilities for the generation of thermal or electrical energy has been increased due to the high efficiency shown by the devices that compose them as well as the factors that allow their easy installation in places of difficult generation of energy.
    [0013] More specifically, the use of solar thermal energy and photovoltaic energy has emerged as one of the most sustainable solutions in new constructions, by converting buildings into true energy generators of heat, for use as domestic hot water , heating and / or air conditioning of swimming pools, and / or electricity, to be able to consume it in the building itself and / or to be able to inject it into the network.
    [0015] Even so, there is still a wide room for improvement for these renewable energy generation devices, whose maximum exponent is currently reflected in concentrated solar energy.
    [0016] These sources of concentrating solar energy, which include parabolic-trough collectors, paraboloid collectors, central tower systems and / or high-concentration Fresnel lenses, have been mostly confined to the industrial or research world. , through its use in large energy production plants. However, in terms of innovation and development, some notable improvements have been conceived in this typology of collection systems, on some occasions by acting on the geometry of the collectors and on others by improving the existing ones by incorporating accessories to increase their Energy efficiency.
    [0018] For example, documents US2011 / 048405 A1 and US2018 / 023845 A1 show prototypes of parabolic trough collectors that comprise a support structure and that, either by means of reflective mirrors, polished metal sheets or the like, are capable of concentrating solar energy in the collector focus where there is an absorbent tube through which a heat transfer fluid circulates. These technological solutions present a one or two-axis solar tracking system that materializes the concentration of solar rays in the collector and increases the performance of the installation, but does not define components for the generation of electrical energy using photovoltaic cells.
    [0020] Documents CN204421389U and CN208170764U describe prototypes of parabolic trough solar collectors that use concentrating Fresnel lenses to increase the efficiency of these systems and improve the incidence of solar rays on the reflective surface of the collector.
    [0022] Document US2009 / 056785 A1 presents a system for generating electrical energy using parabolic trough collectors and photovoltaic cells in charge of collecting the reflected sun rays. Although the system is included within the generation of concentrated photovoltaic energy, no prototype of bifunctional collector is mentioned that also includes the use of concentrated thermal energy.
    [0024] In other words, one of the problems of this type of device is that, despite having a reflective solar collection surface, they are only configured for the generation of one type of energy, thermal or electrical, since in None of the documents describes a collector with the ability to alternate between both sources of power generation, by itself without linking it with other devices, by positioning the solar irradiance of one or the other system at the focus of the collector.
    [0026] In this way, in case of having limited space, such as the roof of a building, you usually have to choose between the type of installation to be implemented, thermal or photovoltaic power generation, even if you have consumption needs for both. .
    [0028] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0030] The present invention solves the aforementioned problem by consisting of a bifunctional parabolic trough collector, for generating thermal and photovoltaic concentrating solar energy, by means of a single device that can be installed in an integrated way in a building, such as its roof, with the aim of reduce energy losses in the transfer of energy.
    [0032] Said collector comprises a reflective screen, which comprises a parabolic trough shape and is configured to reflect and concentrate radiation received on said reflective screen in a focal axis.
    [0034] The greater the reflection capacity said screen has, the greater the efficiency of the collector, so that, preferably, said screen will be satin so that it reflects the sun's rays received like a mirror, having a low absorption and transmission index.
    [0036] The parabolic-cylindrical shape allows all the solar rays received on said screen to be reflected on the focal axis defined by said shape, that is, independent of the area of incidence of the rays on said parabolic-cylindrical curved surface, it is they will reflect on the focal axis, concentrating on it.
    [0038] The collector also comprises a thermosolar collection tube configured to channel a heat transfer fluid through an interior of said tube, being connected to a first turning mechanism.
    [0039] Said tube is preferably connected to a hose configured to exchange heat transfer fluid from the interior of said tube to an exterior, in fact, in a more preferred embodiment, the tube is connected to two hoses, one for each end of the tube. In this way, through a first hose the entry of fluid, of low temperature, into the tube can be produced, and through the second hose, its extraction, at a higher temperature than the inlet, to be able to use the heat extracted in a installation of sanitary hot water, heating or any other purpose that requires thermal energy.
    [0041] In one embodiment, the tube is made of a material selected from the group consisting of: vitreous, copper, ceramic and a combination of the above, so that said material is resistant to high temperatures
    [0043] The collector also comprises a photovoltaic collection panel that comprises at least one photovoltaic cell for generating electrical energy, although it preferably comprises a plurality of connected ones, said panel being connected to the first turning mechanism and to the tube.
    [0045] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic collection panel comprises a plurality of heat dissipation fins arranged on a rear surface of the at least one photovoltaic cell of the panel, thereby reducing the heat concentration in said panel, which can affect the performance of this the higher the temperature is.
    [0047] In a preferred embodiment, the photovoltaic collection panel comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells connected and arranged in a row, on a flat surface, so that the reflection produced by the rays on the reflecting screen is perpendicular on said flat surface, while on another In this embodiment, the photovoltaic cells are arranged in two rows, on two angled flat surfaces, forming a triangular structure, allowing the reflected ray capture surface to be increased, but without these being perpendicular to said two flat surfaces.
    [0049] The manifold also comprises the first turning mechanism configured to turn the tube and the panel with respect to an axis parallel to the focal axis of the reflective screen, and to position said tube and the panel between a position for receiving reflected radiation, said position located on the focal axis of the reflecting screen, and a rear position .
    [0051] In this way, the mechanism allows the tube to be positioned in the radiation reception position while the panel is in the rear position, and vice versa, that is, it allows the panel to be positioned in the reflected radiation reception position, positioning the tube in the rear position. In this way, with this collector, the type of reflected radiation receiver, panel or tube, can be changed, activating only the first mechanism, being different from the collectors mentioned in the background.
    [0053] Since the radiation reflected by the reflecting screen is directed towards its focal axis, the element, tube or panel, located in said position is the one that receives all that radiation, but another element, tube or panel, which is in the rear position, it can receive direct solar radiation, that is, the same that the reflecting screen receives, being able to generate both types of energy at the same time, thermal and solar, only one of them at a higher intensity when receiving a concentration of reflected rays on the reflective screen, than the other, which receives unconcentrated radiation.
    [0055] In one embodiment, the parabolic trough collector comprises a frame, which preferably comprises a plurality of metal profiles joined at the ends, said frame configured to support the reflective screen, the tube, the panel and the first turning mechanism and to fix said frame on a support, where said support can be a floor, a roof of a building or any support on which to support. In another embodiment, the collector may not require a frame and be anchored directly to a floor or a support.
    [0057] In a more specific embodiment, the frame comprises at least one telescopic rod and a linear actuator configured to vary the inclination of the reflective screen with respect to the support on which the frame is fixed. For example, said telescopic bar makes it possible to vary the inclination of the reflecting screen with respect to a roof or a floor arranged horizontally or also inclined, on which the frame rests, so that the screen can be positioned so that the radiation received is as low as possible. as perpendicular as possible throughout the year and is not fixed depending on the latitude at which it is installed. In other words, the objective of the telescopic rod and the linear actuator is to increase energy production by improving the arrival of radiation on the reflective screen, making it always as perpendicular as possible to said screen.
    [0059] More preferably, the frame comprises two cylindrical telescopic bars arranged in a rear part of the frame, which can be increased or decreased in length by means of one or more linear actuators, to gain or lose the angle of inclination of the collector with respect to the horizontal.
    [0061] In one embodiment, the parabolic trough collector comprises a longitudinally rotating bar joined, on two opposite sides, to the tube and the panel, that is, each side to an element, and connected, said rotating bar, to the first rotating mechanism, preferably by some extremes. Said rotating bar is located on the parallel axis of the focal axis of the reflector screen with respect to which the tube and panel are configured to rotate; Furthermore, said rotating bar is configured to rotate on itself, that is, on the longitudinal axis that defines it, by the first rotation mechanism, rotating the panel from the position of reception of reflected radiation to the rear position and the tube of the position after the position of receiving reflected radiation, and vice versa.
    [0063] Said rotating bar is preferably cylindrical and the opposite sides are two diametrically opposite generatrices, in such a way that if the rotating bar were rectangular prismatic, the opposite sides would be two non-coincident sides.
    [0065] In one embodiment, the first turning mechanism comprises at least a first actuator, preferably a first servomotor actuator, and one or more bearings, configured to rotate the rotary bar relative to the frame. This first activator allows a rotation of at least 180 ° with respect to the parallel axis of the focal axis of the reflector screen, to be able to rotate the tube and the panel from the position of the focal axis of the reflector screen to the rear position and vice versa.
    [0067] In one embodiment, the parabolic trough collector comprises an azimuth tracking mechanism configured to rotate the reflective screen about an azimuth axis of rotation. This mechanism allows to increase the incident solar radiation throughout the day, following the daily east-west solar path, achieving that the collector's performance is increased compared to if it were fixed.
    [0069] In one embodiment, the frame comprises a support bar rigidly attached to the reflective screen, the tube, the panel and the first turning mechanism, said connection being, preferably by means of two bars arranged perpendicular to the support bar.
    [0071] Said support bar is configured to rotate said reflector screen, the tube, the panel and the first rotation mechanism, by means of a second rotation mechanism, with respect to the azimuth axis of rotation, an angle of 360 °. That is, the support bar is located and oriented on the azimuth axis of rotation and is configured to rotate about the longitudinal axis that defines it.
    [0073] In the same way, in one embodiment, this support bar together with the second mechanism are components comprised in the azimuth tracking mechanism.
    [0075] In one embodiment, the support bar is attached to bars of the frame by a pivotal articulated joint configured to rotate the reflective screen, tube, panel, and first turning mechanism relative to the rest of the frame. Said articulated joint is preferably located at the ends of said support bar.
    [0077] In one embodiment, the second turning mechanism comprises at least one second actuator, preferably a second servomotor actuator, and one or more bearings that facilitate the rotation of the support bar.
    [0079] In one embodiment, the reflective screen is made of a polished metallic material, preferably aluminum. In other embodiments, it can be made of plastic or a material that is resistant and suitable for reflecting solar radiation.
    [0081] In one embodiment, the heat transfer fluid is selected from the group consisting of water, antifreeze, oil, and a combination of the foregoing.
    [0083] In one embodiment, the collector comprises an electrical connection of the elements electronics included in the collector.
    [0085] Both said electrical connections of the photovoltaic panel or of the electronic components included in the collector, as well as the pipes of the fluid for the transfer of thermal energy, must be protected to avoid safety problems and energy losses.
    [0087] In one embodiment, the parabolic trough collector comprises at least one sensor selected from the group consisting of: an anemometer or wind meter, a rain measurement sensor or rain gauge, a temperature measurement sensor or thermocouple and a measurement sensor radiation.
    [0089] These sensors can be very important for the correct operation of the collector, since they can make it possible to know the weather conditions in which the collector is, and modify its arrangement based on them.
    [0091] For example, in the event of excessive rain, snow or hail, the collector can adopt a safety or rest position, rotating the support bar, rotating with it the reflector screen, the tube, the panel and the first turning mechanism, to that the reflective screen can protect them from such external conditions. The support bar can also simply rotate at night, to clean the reflective screen from dust, or to prevent the panel from getting dirty.
    [0093] The radiation sensor or sensors can make it possible to know which is the best orientation for the reflecting screen, so that it receives the greatest amount of radiation possible, so that it can be rotated or tilted by means of the second mechanism and the linear actuator depending on of the values measured by these sensors.
    [0095] In one embodiment, the parabolic trough collector comprises a control system configured to activate the linear actuator, the first and the second actuator, said control system being connected to the sensors comprised in the collector.
    [0097] This control system can be connected to an external management and notification equipment that reports the type of energy generated as well as the disposition of collector at each moment, in the same way that from said management and notification equipment the control system can be accessed to decide what type of energy is generated at each moment based on the climatic or regulatory needs of each region.
    [0099] Another part of the invention consists of a solar collection installation that comprises at least one bifunctional parabolic cylinder collector, for generating solar energy with thermal and photovoltaic concentration, as defined in any of the previous embodiments.
    [0101] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0103] With the intention of helping to better understand the developed system and in relation to a practical example of a preferred embodiment thereof, a series of drawings is offered where the following has been represented:
    [0105] - Figure 1.- Shows a side-front perspective view of the bifunctional parabolic trough collector, the frame being supported on a horizontal floor, the reflective screen being inclined with respect to said floor, and the thermosolar collection tube in the receiving position of reflected radiation, in the focal axis of the reflecting screen, while the photovoltaic capture panel is in the rear position.
    [0106] - Figure 2.- Shows a side-rear perspective view of the bifunctional parabolic-trough collector shown in figure 1.
    [0107] - Figure 3.- Shows a front elevation view of the bifunctional parabolic trough collector shown in Figures 1 and 2.
    [0108] - Figure 4.- Shows a rear elevation view of the bifunctional parabolic-trough collector shown in the previous figures.
    [0109] - Figure 5.- Shows a top perspective view of the bifunctional parabolic trough collector in a concentration photovoltaic solar power generation position, as the photovoltaic collection panel is positioned on the focal axis of the reflecting screen, where said panel comprises a flat surface of photovoltaic cells arranged in a row.
    [0110] - Figure 6.- Shows a top perspective view of the bifunctional parabolic trough collector in a position for generating solar thermal energy from concentration, as the thermosolar collection tube is positioned in the focal axis of the reflecting screen, where the panel comprises a flat surface of photovoltaic cells arranged in a row.
    [0111] - Figure 7.- Shows a top perspective view of the bifunctional parabolic trough collector in a concentration photovoltaic solar power generation position, as the photovoltaic capture panel is positioned on the focal axis of the reflective screen, where said panel comprises two flat surfaces of photovoltaic cells arranged in two rows, said surfaces being angled, in a triangular arrangement.
    [0112] - Figure 8.- Shows a top perspective view of the bifunctional parabolic trough collector in the generating position of concentrating solar thermal energy, as the thermosolar collection tube is positioned on the focal axis of the reflecting screen, where the panel comprises two flat surfaces of photovoltaic cells arranged in two rows, said surfaces being angled, in a triangular arrangement.
    [0114] Below is a list of the references used in the figures:
    [0115] 1. Reflective screen
    [0116] 2. First hose
    [0117] 3. First turning mechanism
    [0118] 4. Second hose
    [0119] 5. Frame
    [0120] 6. Panel
    [0121] 7. Servo motor activator
    [0122] 8. Second actuator actuator
    [0123] 9. Swivel articulated joint
    [0124] 10. Tube
    [0125] 11. Plurality of fins
    [0126] 12. Electrical connection
    [0127] 13. Telescopic bar
    [0128] 14. Rotary bar
    [0129] 15. Support bar
    [0131] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0132] As can be seen in Figures 1 to 8, the preferred embodiment of the invention consists of a bifunctional parabolic trough collector that is capable of generating thermal energy or photovoltaic electrical energy, of solar origin, by means of a single device.
    [0134] Said collector is specially designed to be installed on flat roofs, so that it can be anchored to a horizontal surface of said roof, avoiding possible overturns caused by external actions, or by means of a frame (5) that provides an inclination to the collector. However, the developed collector can also be installed on sloping roofs in a similar way as is done with telecommunications antennas, with or without a frame (5).
    [0136] As can be seen in figure 1, the collector consists of a single device in which a reflective screen (1) stands out that has a curved, parabolic cylindrical shape, supported and fixed to a frame (5), so that, for the collector works by generating thermal or electrical energy, the concave part of said reflector screen (1) must be oriented in the position of reception of the solar rays.
    [0138] The operation of the collector consists in that the solar rays that hit the reflecting screen (1) are reflected, in their greatest proportion, towards a focal axis of the same, defined according to its curvature. That is, said reflective screen (1) can reflect and concentrate all the rays received on a single axis, comprising a similar operation to that of other curved solar collectors. For this, said screen is satin, mirrored, or comprises a polished surface, so that the reflection is the maximum possible.
    [0140] Unlike other existing collectors, the bifunctional parabolic trough collector comprises both a thermosolar collection tube (10) and a photovoltaic collection panel (6), configured so that any one of them can be located on the focal axis of the reflector screen ( 1) while the other stays in a posterior position. For this, both the tube (10) and the panel (6) are rigidly attached to a rotating bar (14) connected to a first rotating mechanism (3). Said rotating bar (14) is configured to rotate at least 180 ° due to said first rotation mechanism (3), and is fixed, by two opposite sides, to the panel (6) and to the tube (10). In one position, the rotating bar (14) can place the panel (6) in the position of reception of reflected radiation, located on the focal axis of the reflective screen (1), leaving the tube (10) in a rear position of not receiving reflected radiation, and when rotating the rotating bar (14) on itself, change said positions, positioning the panel (6) in the rear position of not receiving reflected radiation and the tube (10) in position for receiving reflected radiation, located on the focal axis of the reflecting screen (1).
    [0142] This movement occurs because the first turning mechanism (3) comprises a first servomotor actuator (7), and bearings and bearings that allow the rotation of the rotating bar (14) with respect to the frame (5) on which it is supported. and fixed by means of rotating articulated joints located at the ends.
    [0144] For the operation of the thermosolar collection tube (10), it is connected at one end to a first hose (2), through which cold fluid is introduced into the tube (10), and at the other end to a second hose ( 4) where the heated fluid is extracted due to the radiation received. This fluid can be water, antifreeze, an oil or a mixture of said fluids, and can also comprise other additives such as salts that improve the thermal transmittance of the fluid, adjust its viscosity, or modify the boiling point according to the needs of the installation.
    [0146] The heated fluid is directed to a common installation of solar thermal collection panels, where the heat received is transferred to another fluid in a heat exchanger, to be stored in a tank for use and distributed to be used as sanitary hot water, heating or whatever use you want to give the heat.
    [0148] Like other types of installations, a solar thermal collection installation that comprises a bifunctional parabolic trough collector can also comprise a plurality of collectors, connected in series or in parallel, so that the production of hot fluid is at a greater volume or higher temperature.
    [0150] So that the tube (10) can be easily heated due to the radiation received and give heat to the fluid that flows through it, it is made of a glassy material, although, in non-preferred embodiments, it can be made of copper or ceramic materials that have suitable characteristics for the aforementioned use.
    [0152] Regarding the photovoltaic capture panel (6), it may comprise a surface with a row of photovoltaic cells, as shown in Figures 1 to 6, or it may comprise two angled surfaces, with two rows of photovoltaic cells, in a triangular structure, as shown in Figures 7 and 8.
    [0154] This panel (6) comprises a plurality of heat dissipation fins (11) arranged on a rear surface of the photovoltaic cells, since said cells are affected by the operating temperature, so that if they get too hot, their efficiency worsens. , and the fins (11) allow to reduce the concentration of heat.
    [0156] As can be seen in the figures, the panel (6) can be connected by means of an electrical connection (12) of the collector, to be able to transfer the electrical energy generated to a distribution and consumption installation. Said collector can be connected to a charge regulator, an electrical storage system or battery set, and to a current converter, where it is distributed for consumption directly or connected to the network.
    [0158] As for thermal generation, a bifunctional parabolic trough collector can also be connected with other collectors, in series or in parallel, for the generation of electrical energy at a higher voltage or intensity, such as the usual photovoltaic collection installations.
    [0160] One of the characteristics of this preferred embodiment is that the collector comprises an azimuth tracking mechanism comprising a support bar (15) rigidly attached to the reflective screen (1), the tube (10), the panel (6) and the first mechanism turning (3). Said support bar (15) is configured to rotate said elements, by means of a second rotation mechanism comprising a second servomotor actuator (8), bearings and bearings that allow said rotation, with respect to the azimuth axis of rotation where the support bar is located. (15), an angle of at least 360 °.
    [0162] For this, the support bar (15) comprises rotating articulated joints (9) at its ends that allow the rotation of said support bar (15) on itself, that is, on the axis that defines it longitudinally, rotating the elements to those that are rigidly fixed, with respect to the frame (5) that remains fixed.
    [0163] This second turning mechanism not only allows azimuth tracking of the collector, thereby increasing its energy efficiency, but also protects the thermosolar collection tube (10) and the photovoltaic collection panel (6), rotating the reflective screen ( 1) Angle sufficient to cover these elements in adverse weather conditions such as snow, rain or hail.
    [0165] To this end, said collector comprises a set of sensors measuring wind, rain, temperature, and radiation, connected to a control system that manages and activates the servomotors (7, 8) based on the readings of said sensors.
    [0167] This management system is also connected to a set of linear actuators connected to telescopic bars (13) of the frame (5). These elements allow the frame (5) to vary the inclination of the reflecting screen (1), with the aim of making the most of solar radiation, so that, depending on the latitude at which it is installed, it can be inclined with respect to the horizontal one, so that the solar rays are as perpendicular as possible to said reflective screen (1).
    [0169] INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION
    [0170] The most immediate industrial application of the invention is as an energy generator system (thermal and electrical) for buildings. Its use in residential buildings, single-family homes, industrial warehouses or others, is made possible by installing the parabolic trough collector on a structure, articulated or not, in the case of flat surfaces, or supported on a frame (5) metal anchored to the facade similar to that used in communication antennas. This clean energy generation system represents a benefit in environmental terms and especially when it comes to reducing CO2 emissions.
    权利要求:
    Claims (19)
    [1]
    1. Bifunctional parabolic trough collector, for generating thermal and photovoltaic concentration solar energy , characterized in that it comprises:
    - a reflective screen (1), comprising a parabolic-cylindrical shape and is configured to reflect and concentrate radiation received on said reflective screen (1) in a focal axis;
    - a thermosolar collection tube (10) configured to channel a heat transfer fluid through an interior of said tube (10), and connected to a first turning mechanism (3);
    - a photovoltaic capture panel (6) comprising at least one photovoltaic cell for generating electrical energy, said panel (6) connected to the first turning mechanism (3) and to the tube (10); Y
    - the first turning mechanism (3) configured to rotate the tube (10) and the panel (6) about an axis parallel to the focal axis of the reflecting screen (1), and to position said tube (10) and the panel (6) between a position for receiving reflected radiation, said position located on the focal axis of the reflecting screen (1), and a rear position.
    [2]
    2. Parabolic trough collector, according to the preceding claim, comprising a frame (5) configured to support the reflective screen (1), the tube (10), the panel (6) and the first turning mechanism (3) and to said frame (5) being fixed on a support.
    [3]
    3. Parabolic trough collector, according to the preceding claim, wherein the frame (5) comprises at least one telescopic bar (13) and a linear actuator configured to vary the inclination of the reflective screen (1) with respect to the support on which it is fixed the frame (5).
    [4]
    4. Parabolic trough collector, according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a rotating bar (14) longitudinally joined, on two opposite sides, to the tube (10) and to the panel (6), and connected to the first rotation mechanism (3 ), preferably at the ends; wherein said rotating bar (14) is located on the parallel axis of the focal axis of the reflector screen (1) with respect to which the tube (10) and the panel (6) are configured to rotate; where said rotary bar (14) is configured to rotate on itself by the turning mechanism (3), rotating the panel (6) from the reflected radiation receiving position to the rear position and the tube from the rear position to the reflected radiation receiving position, and vice versa.
    [5]
    5. Parabolic trough collector, according to claims 2 and 4, wherein the first turning mechanism (3) comprises at least a first actuator, preferably a first servomotor actuator (7), and a bearing, configured to rotate the rotating bar (14 ) with respect to the frame (5).
    [6]
    Parabolic cylinder collector, according to any of the preceding claims, comprising at least one hose (2, 4) connected to the thermosolar collection tube (10), said hose (2, 4) configured to exchange heat transfer fluid inside said tube (10) to an exterior.
    [7]
    Parabolic trough collector, according to any of the preceding claims, comprising an azimuth tracking mechanism configured to rotate the reflecting screen (1) about an azimuth axis of rotation.
    [8]
    8. Parabolic trough collector, according to claims 2 and 7, where the frame (5) comprises a support bar (15) rigidly attached to the reflective screen (1), the tube (10), the panel (6) and the first turning mechanism (3), where said support bar (15) is configured to rotate said reflective screen (1), tube (10), panel (6) and the first turning mechanism (3), by means of a second mechanism of rotation, with respect to the azimuth axis of rotation, an angle of 360 °.
    [9]
    9. Parabolic trough collector, according to the preceding claim, wherein the support bar (15) is attached to some bars of the frame (5) by means of a rotating articulated joint (9) configured to rotate the reflective screen (1), the tube (10 ), the panel (6) and the first turning mechanism (3) with respect to the rest of the frame (5).
    [10]
    10. Parabolic trough collector, according to any of claims 8 or 9, wherein the second turning mechanism comprises at least one second actuator, preferably a second servomotor actuator (8), and a bearing.
    [11]
    11. Parabolic trough collector, according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the reflective screen (1) is made of a polished metallic material, preferably aluminum.
    [12]
    12. Parabolic trough collector, according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the photovoltaic capture panel (6) comprises a plurality of thermal dissipation fins (11) arranged on a rear surface of the at least one photovoltaic cell of the panel (6) .
    [13]
    13. Parabolic cylinder collector, according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the tube (10) is made of a material selected from the group consisting of: vitreous, copper, ceramic and a combination of the above.
    [14]
    14. Parabolic cylinder collector, according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the heat transfer fluid is selected from the group consisting of water, antifreeze, oil and a combination of the foregoing.
    [15]
    Parabolic trough collector, according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the photovoltaic collection panel (6) comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells connected and arranged in a row on a flat surface.
    [16]
    16. Parabolic trough collector, according to any of the preceding claims, comprising an electrical connection (12) of the electronic elements included in the collector.
    [17]
    17. Parabolic cylinder collector, according to any of the preceding claims, comprising at least one sensor selected from the group consisting of: an anemometer, a rain measurement sensor or rain gauge, a temperature measurement sensor or thermocouple and a sensor radiation measurement.
    [18]
    18. Parabolic trough collector, according to claims 3, 5, 10, 17 and any other of the claims, comprising a control system configured to activate the linear actuator, the first and the second activator, said control system being connected to the sensors included in the manifold.
    [19]
    19. Solar collection installation comprising at least one bifunctional parabolic trough collector, for generating solar energy with thermal concentration and photovoltaic, as defined in any of the preceding claims.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2803101B2|2021-06-25|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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